Machine tool



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MACHINE TOOL original Filed May 2e, 1944 1o sheets-sheet 2 v FAST TRAVEL 348 MOTOR me/rms W.W.POTTER m. 2. fx. J. YULLBR Oct. 16, 1951 w. w. POTTER ET AL 2,571,289l

MACHINE TOOL Original Filed May 26, 1944 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 OC- 16, 195l W. w. POTTER ET AL 2,571,289

MACHINE TooL Original Filed May 26, 1944 AlO Sheets-Sheet 4 mod w3 02 Oct-i6 195l w. w. POTTER ETAL MACHINE TOOL 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed May 26, 1944 .w. POTTER -A J. FfULJ-ER Oct. 16, 1951 I w. W. YPOTTER ETAL v 2,571,289

'MACHINE TOOL Original Filed May 26, 1944 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 d A N INVENTORS W.W.PO'1`TER A. @FULLER OC- 16, 1951 w. W. POTTER ET AL 2,571,289

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MACHINE TOOL 1o sheets-sheet 9 Www.

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" MACHINE TOOL.

Original Filed Mayv26, 1944 l0 Sheets-Sheet l0 Patented Oct. 16, 1951 MACHINE TOOL William Wallace Potter and Alfred Joseph Fuller,

Pawtucket, R. I., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Niles-'Bement-Pond Company, West Hartford, Conn., -a corporation of New Jersey Original application May 26, 1944, Serial No.

537,490, now `Patent No. 2,455,876, dated De- Y cember 7, 1948. Divided and this application March 25, 1946, Serial No. 656,929

9 Claims.

The present invention relates to speed control mechanism for machines of any type, particularly machine tools, which have a plurality of operable brought into operation at the same or different times and the speed of which are to vary at different times as required or is desirable for such operations.

This application is a division of application Serial No. 537,490, led May 26, 1944, now Patent No. 2,455,876, granted 'December 7, 1948.

The objects of the present `invention are broadly to eiiect a very compact, simplified and improved construction and arrangement- (1) In the power transmission to the different operable instrumentalities of the machine, such as the spindle and the slide or carriages, o1-` their equivalent, of a machine tool; and further to provide for selectively changing the speed range of the machine independently of any speed change device `for changing the speed within Kany selected range;

(2) To actuate change-speed clutches (for both the spindle and feeding speed vin a machine tool) by a mechanical power transmission Vmechanism (termed a ball-box), which in turn is controlled by an improved automatic control device, 4whichpreplaces.avcustomar-y large dog drum, whereby .clutches may be shifted substantially `instantaneously with greater celerity .than with Vother previous used mechanical means and with the expenditure .of .slight force 4or power from a .comparatively slow movement of the selecting or 4control device;

(3) Whereby said Kmechanical power transmission mechanism kwill interlock the clutches, or their equivalent, .employed in .the machine in order that, when :certain of said clutches, which effect one movement or speed of one instrumentality, are engaged, the other clutches are automatically disengaged;

(4) By employing flexible cables, in said mecha-nical power transmission mechanism, to op- `era-te rocker arms and the like remotely placed for the purpose of actuating clutches kfrom a remotelyplaced selective control device, vthus providing .a much more -compact and smaller .mech- ,anis-m than is vpossible with links or rods as the -cablecan extend through or around other mech- .anisms, lwhich is .not possible with links or rods, and reducing the cost of the Imachine as well as fits maintenance;

:(5) In the various and `sundry gdetails, a combination and subcombinations -of ip arts hereinafter more fully set forth inthe following -speciifcation.

instrumentalities that may be- With the above objects in View, lthe invention resides .in all that is show-n and described herein vand particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, which show the `preferred embodiment of the invention as at present devised and as applied to a turret lathe as one example of its use:

Figure '1 is a front side elevation -of a machine tool equipped with the present invention;

Figure 2 is an end View of -the headstock end of the machine, Ylooking from the left-hand of Figure 1,-with a portion of the casing `broken away -to illustrate the gear assembly in the headstock;

Figures 3 and 4 are to be read together and illustrate the layout of vthe gearing for driving lthe spindle and the -tool slides, this gearing showing the disposition of the clutches for automatic speed changes of both the spindle andthe slides;

`Figure 5 is a sectional View of the turret-slide and cross-slide operating lmeans and Vtaken substantially on the -line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Figure 6 is a horizontal lay-out of the ball box or motion-imparting mechanism, which actuates the change speed device of the drive mechanism of the machine, and of the control mechanism associated therewith, the disposition of this mechanism -being shown in Fig. 2 and .indicated by the reference characters H2 and 214;

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view taken substantially on line 1 1 of Fig. v6 and illustra-tes the details of construction of .the .control device and -ball-boX mechanism controlling the change speed mechanism of the spindle;

Figure 8-is a view-similar to Fig. 7 and is taken substantially on line 8-8 of Fig. 6 .to illustrate the Vdetails `of construction of the control mech- -anism and the -ball box mechanism .controlling the operation of the clutching device interposed between the -quick traverse motor and the feed change mechanism of the turret slides;

Figure -9 is an elevation of the oscillating lever 264 and its extension -legs shown in Fig. 8;

Figure '1-0 isa View similar `to Figs. 7 and .8 and is taken substantially lon line Illl0 .of Fig. 6 and illustrates the control device and the ball box mechanism controlling the :feed-change mechanism of the cross slides;

Figures ll, l2 and 13 illustrate an interlocked device associated with the ball box 4mechanism for controlling the feed change mechanism of the slides so that when onevclutch is engaged the other clutch or clutches will be disengaged autematically, these three -igures showing diierent positions assumed by Athe interlocked device;

3 Figure 14 is a fragmentary elevation of the headstock, with the door shown on the lefthand side of Fig. 2 opened, to illustrate the disposition of the various clutch mechanisms and the manner of their control from the ball box mechanism shown in Fig. 6.

Throughout the specification and drawings, like characters of reference denote like and corresponding parts throughout the several views.

In order that a better understanding may be had of the detailed description which follows, a general description will now be given of the machine tool shown in the drawings as one example of a machine to which the invention may be applied.

This machine tool follows the generalpattern of organization with the various instrumentalities found in certain of the automatic turret lathes, in that, it comprises a head stock 20 in which is disposed a horizontal work spindle 2| and the variable transmission unit of the machine, a chuck '22 carried on one end of the spindle in cooperative relation with a main slide 23 (which may be a turret slide) mounted on the bed 24 disposed at one side of the headstock 20 and reciprocable to and from the chuck 22 longitudinallyof the spinde as well as with the front: and rear cross slides 25 and 26, respectively, also mounted on the bed 24 between the chuck and the main slide for independent or simultaneous reciprocal movement at substantially right angles to the movement of the main slide. In this machine tool, the spindle 2| and the feed shaft 3|! (which latter operates, through various means, the main slides and the cross slides) are revolved at different speeds which are automatically selected, there being a driving connection between the spindle and feed shaft by which the rate of feed or cutting movement of the tool slides is controlled by the spindle speed. Also, the idle movements of the tool slides toward and from the Work are driven at a constant high speed; and the rotation of the spindle may be stopped, under certain conditions during such high speed idle movements of the tool slides, so that the workpiece W in the chuck will not revolve in order that tool marks on the work piece will not occur due to unintentional or accidental contact of the tools with the Work during their fast idle motion. Furthermore, the change speed gearing, for varying the rate of rotation of the spindle and of the feed shaft, includes the clutches which are under control of a dog wheel, having a relatively slow peripheral motion, which releases free fast moving bodies that bring into action power-operated clutch-shifting mechanism to instantaneously shift the selected clutches. This instantaneous shifting of clutches is also particularly useful Where it is desired to increase the speed of the spindle to compensate for reduction in cutting speed of the tools on the work, for instance, as the tool proceeds from the work piece periphery inwardly, thus enabling more rapid production of work by the machine under certain conditions as where facing cuts are now performed simultaneously with other cuts.

With the above brief general description, the

detailed description of the improved mechanismV employed by the present invention will now proceed.

HEADSTOCK Spindle and spindle drive With reference particularly to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the bed 24 of the machine is a casting change speeds, the following operation of the clutches is as follows:

designed to support and, in some instances, enclose its mechanism, the headstock end 20 thereof being formed to provide a casing for the powerplant motors, transmission mechanism, including the speed and feed change clutches and their selective-control and actuating means, as well as toprovide bearings 21 and 28 for the spindle 2| and bearing 28 to the feed shaft 30 (Figs. 3 and 4) The upper portion of the base 24 provides a table-like member 24a upon which are mounted the turret slide 23 and the cross-slides 25 and 26, the mechanism for operating the said turret slide, which is driven from the feed shaft 30, being disposed above and below the table 24a under the turret slide 23.

The spindle is rotatably mounted in the end walls of the head-stock housing 20 in bearings 21 and 28 (see Fig. 3) and is driven from a constant speed motor shaft 3| actuated from a pulley (not shown) or by an electric motor M supported on an end wall of the headstock casing 20. The drive from the motor shaft 3| is through a gear 32 keyed thereon and meshing with idler gear 33 on shaft 34 which idler gear drives gear 35. These shafts and gears run at constant speed while the machine is in operation. From the driving gear 35, the gearing to the spindle 2| includes four automatic speed changes, one pair of handchanged gears and shiftable gearing for converting the machine into a low or high speed machine, all of which being shown in extended arrangement in Figure 3 and the gearing for operating the feed shaft, turret-slide, ball-box mechanism, etc. being shown in Figure 4, while the entire gearing in Figures 3 and 4 is shown in its assembled arrangement in Figure 2.

With particular reference to Figures 2 and 3, it will be seen that there are two aligned rotatable shafts 36 and 31 mounted in suitable bearings in the headstock frame and that the driving gear 35 is keyed to one end of the shaft 36 which may be regarded as the speed input shaft and that the shaft 31 may be regarded as the speed output shaft. Journaled in the headstock 20 in cooperative relation and parallel with the aligned shafts 36 and 31 is a rotatable counter-shaft 38 which has rotatably mounted upon it four clutches 39, 40, 4| and 42 arranged in two opposing pairs, each pair being served by a single sliding part of cone, respectivelyfor instance, clutch heads 39 and 40 being ,served by the clutch cone 43 and clutch heads 4| and 42 being served by the clutch cone 44-thus, when the clutch cones 43 and 44 are engaged with any one of their clutch heads, the other clutch head of each pair is disengaged. The clutches may be of any suitable type although, in the present showing, disc-clutches are illustrated. The sliding parts o r cones43 and 44 are splined on the shaft 38 and are shifted by suitable yokes, as can be seen more particularly from Figure 3. Each of the clutch heads 39, 40, 4| and 42 have fast therewith gears 45, 46, 41, and 48, respectively, o1' different sizes to effect the automatic change speeds desired. The gears 45 and 46 of clutch heads 39 and 40 mesh,j respectively, with their mating gears 49 and 50 fast on the speed input shaft 36 while the gears 41 and 48 of clutch heads 4I and 42 mesh with their mating gears 5| and 52 fast on the speed output shaft 31. With arrangement, to obtain the four automatic 1. To obtain the lowest speed of spindle operi.` tion. clutch cone 43 engages clutch head 4I genas- `clutch cone 44 engages clutch head 42. With the parts in this position 'the drive from gear 3'5 is through shaft 36, gears 50 and 4`6 to lshaft 38 which rotates gear 48 meshing with gear 52 fast on speed output shaft 31;

2. In order to obtain the second speed of spindle operation, clutch cone 43 remains engaged with clutch .head 40 but cone 44 disengages clutch head 42 and engages clutch head 4|, the drive then being from speed input shaft 36 through gears r|), 46, shaft A38, gear '41 gear 45| to speed output shaft 31;

3. To secure the third speed of spindle operation, clutch cone 43 engages clutch head 39 (thereby disengaging clutch head 40) and clutch cone 44 engages clutch Vhead 42, 'if not already in engagement therewith, whereby the drive is from input speed shaft 36 through gears 49, 45, shaft 38, gears 48 and 52 to speed output shaft 31; and

4. To obtain the fourth and Yhighest speed of spindle operation, the clutch cone V43 engages in clutch head 39, if not already in engagement therewith, and the clutch cone 44 is moved in engagement with the clutch head 4 I, whereby the drive is from speed input shaft 36, gears 49 and 45, counter-shaft 38, gears 41, 5| to speed output shaft 31.

From the above, it will be observed that, during these four automatic speed changes, one of each pair of clutch heads with their mating gears are always engaged while the other two clutch heads with their mating gears are run idle on the counter-shaft 38 and that any combination of two clutches may be engaged simultaneously within the limitation, of course, that when one clutch of a pair is engaged the Vother clutch of the same pair is disengaged which is a Vfeature of safety as will appear later from the description of the clutch operation mechanism.

The spindle drive continues Vfrom the speed output shaft 31 through hand-change gears 53 and 54 to shaft 55. These hand-changed gears are, respectively, fast on the outer ends ofthe shafts 31 and 55 so as to be accessible for quick manual change through a suitable door in the end wall cf the headstock casing and may be provided in groups to obtain different ranges of speeds in a manner and for a purpose well known in the art.

From shaft 55 the machine 'may be converted from a low speed to a high speed machine, and conversely, but always influenced by Vthe speed changes which are effected by the hand-change gears 53 and 54 and through the automatic clutches just described. By providing lshaft 55 with multiple splines 56 on which a double gear 51 and 51a slides and by 'moving the double gear 51 and 51a manually so that either the low speed gear 51 will mesh with its mating gear 59, such change-over may be effected. 'It will be observed that gears 58 and l59 are keyed to a jack-shaft 60 and .that gear 59 is in mesh with a gear 6| keyed to a jack-shaft 60 and that gear A59 Vis in mesh with a gear '6| keyed to a sleeve bearing 62 in which the rear end of the spindle 2| is splined at 63 for longitudinal adjustment therein. The sleeve bearing 52, asis the shaft 55 and the jack-shaft 60, is journaled at 28 'in the headstock casing 29 in suitable ball bearings.

The front or chuck end of the spindle 2| is journaled in a ball bearing 21 within a` vbearing sleeve 64, which latter is slidably mounted for longitudinal movement in 'the `headstock Lhousing of 'the spindle 2|" longitudinally to or "from a ,6 slide 23 o'r a turret face on said slide. v'-Ih-is adjustment may be accomplished by the provision of a pinion 65 journaled on Vthe headstock and engaging a rack 66 on the spindle sleeve 64, the pinion being operated through a shaft 61 having a squared end extending through the headstock casing 26 (see Fig. 1). The spindle may be held in adjustable positions by the binding bolt 61a connecting opposed lugs '61h of a splitting portion on the housing 20.

Feed shaft drive The drive for the feed shaft 39 (which aotuates the turret slide 23 and cross slides 25 and 26) is connected directly with the spindle 2| so that the 'feed will always be in ratio per revolution of the spindle regardless of the speed of the spindle. This feed drive is taken olf of the spindle sleeve 62 (Fig. A3), which has teeth 68 out therein ymeshing with a gear 69. The gear `69 is keyed to a jack shaft 16 which has a spur gear 69a fast thereto for driving gear 1| keyed to one end of la stub shaft 12 which also has gear 13 fast thereon to drive gear 15 (Fig. 4) through the intermediate gear 14. rIhe gear 15 is keyed to an input speed shaft 16 which is aligned with and rotatably independent of an output speed shaft 11 for the feeding movements 0f the turret-slide 23 andthe cross-slides 25 and 26. l

From this input shaft 16, various feed changes may be obtained through the medium of handchange gears for the tool slides as well as three automatic feed changes of any selected feed obtained by the hand-change gears. As shown in Figures 2 and 4, three separate and inde-V pendent countershafts 18, 19 and 80 are grouped about the aligned input and output shafts 16 and 11 and suitably journaled in a housing 26. Each of these counter-shafts 18, 19 and 69 has rotatably mounted thereon a clutch head 8|, 83 and 85, respectively, each clutch head having a mating gear 82, 84 and `86 fast thereon, respectively, which gears are of different sizes, and mesh, respectively, with a cluster gear fast to a main feed clutch head 81 rotatably mounted on the output speed shaft 11. The cluster gear comprises three gear members 38, 89 and '99 which are in constant .mesh with gears 82, 84 and 86, respectively. Also, eachof said counter-shafts 18, 19 and 89 has asliding clutch part or cone 9|, 91! and 93, respectively, splinedthereon for reciprocating vinto 1and out of engagement with the clutch Yheads on saidvcoun- 'ter-shafts.

The output shaft 11 has a quick Vreturn clutch head 94 rotatably 4mounted rthereon and-carrying with it a mating gear 95. rThe clutch is in opposed cooperative relation with )the nza-in feed clutch head 81 so as to be served by -the clutch slide or cone 96 splined on the shaft '11, whereby one of the clutch heads B1 or ll will be engaged when the other is-disengaged or 'both disengaged when the cone is in a neutral position. The quick return Vclutch head 94 iis :for connecting the shaft 11 with thevmotor '|795 :for effecting quick idle motions of the `tool slides A23, 25 and '26, and, to this end, its `mating gear 95 is driven from a pinion v91 -fast on the motor vshaft 98 through an intermediate gear 99.

The counter-shafts 18, 19 and 86 are driven from the input shaft 16 'through hand-change gears (IDI, |02, |83, |94, and |66) splined on the endsofJ said shafts Aso that theylcanbefreadivly 'removed manually through -a 'suitable open ing-in *the 'casing 20 to effect 4various lratio com- .,binations 4of Aspeeds between the input shafts- -16 and said counter-shafts in a manner well known in the art. With the selection of hand-change gears shown, the ne or rst feed counter-shaft 18 of the feeding mechanism is driven by gears and |02; the second or intermediate feed counter-shaft 19 is driven by gears |03 and |04; and the third or coarser feed counter-shaft 80 is driven by gears |65 and |016, all, as above stated, are hand-change gears well known in the art.

The three automatic changes of speed of feed of the tool slides are obtained in the following manner:

1. For ne feed of movement of the tool slides and all of the clutch cones 9|, 92 and 93 being out of engagement with their respective clutch heads, the clutch cone 9| is moved into clutching engagement with the clutch head 8| and cone 96 is moved into engagement with main feed clutch head 81, thus the drive being from input shaft 18 through hand-change gears |0I, |02, shaft 18, clutch head 8|, gears 82, 88, and main feed clutch head 81 to output shaft 11. It may be noted here that the clutch cone 96 is in engagement with the main feed clutch head 81 during all feeding operations and is only moved out of engagement therewith when it is desired to effect the quick idle movements of the tool slides or when the feed mechanism is hand operated for setting-up on the machine stopped;

2. For the second or intermediate feed of the tool slides, and cones 9| and 93 being disengaged from their respective clutch heads, the cone 92 is moved in engagement with clutch head 83, thus the drive being from input speed shaft 16, through hand-change gears |03, |04, shaft 19, clutch head 83, gears 84, 89, and main feed clutch head 81 to output shaft 11; and

3. For the third or coarse feed of tool slides and with the clutch cones 9| and 92 disengaged from their respective clutch heads, clutch cone 93 is moved into engagement with clutch head 85, thus the drive being from speed input shaft 16 through hand-change gears |05, |06, shaft 80, clutch head 85, gears 86, 90, and main feed clutch head 81 to output shaft 11.

As will be seen hereinafter, the mechanism which operates the clutch cones 9|, 92 and 93 is so interlocked that, when any one of the three clutch cones is operated to engage its clutch head, they automatically disengage any other of said clutch cones that were previously in engagement, this being a safety feature which permits only one of the three feed clutches to be engaged at one time while the other clutch heads and their mating gears run idle on their respective shafts. Also, the counter-shafts 18, 19 and 80 are rotated continuously from the input shaft 16 through their respective hand-change gears while the machine is in operation.

The fast motion of the tool slides 23, 24 and 25 (that is. their idle motion from the time that any tool then in operation has nished cutting and is brought back to clear the subject being machined, the turret indexed, and then moved forward to bring the next set of tools to the subject) is obtained by means of the quick return motor |00, which lruns at constant speed continually during operation of machine, through pinion 91- on motor shaft 98 driving gear 99 meshing with mating gear 95 of quick return ,of the turret slide 23 and/or the cross slides 25 and 26 are again in position for cutting operations on the work-subject, quick return clutch 94 is disengaged and the main feed clutch 81 is engaged by the cone 96 whereby shaft 11 is again brought to feeding motion. When "fast motion is in operation, cluster gear 88-89-90 runs idle on shaft 11 and shaft 16 runs idle in the end of shaft 11, as shown at point 16a.

From output shaft 11, feed or fast motion is transmitted to the feed shaft 30 (which operates turret slide 23 and cross slides 25 and 26) through gear |01 loose on shaft 11 but made fast thereto by means of a safety coupling which comprises, in the present instance, a shear pin |08 held in an annular flange |09 on one face of gear |01, and extending into a disc member ||0 disposed within the bushing |09 and keyed to shaft 11. Gear |01 drives gear III keyed on feed shaft 30. If load exceeds normal operating'conditions shear pin |08 breaks thereby protecting the mechanisms of the machine. After cause for abnormal load is removed, a new shear pin |08 is inserted and machine is again ready for operation.

A speed and feed control device I|2 (Figs. l, 2, 6, 8 and 10), which automatically controls the operations of all the clutches and therefore the operation of the tool slides in particular, is also driven from gear |01 by bevel gear I3 having an adjustable drive connector, as at H4, with the gear |01. the connector ||4 being interengaging teeth or projections on opposing faces of gears |01 and |I3 and held in adjusted fixed engagement by the nut ||5 and shoulder |I6 on shaft 11. Bevel gear ||1 keyed on worm shaft ||8 meshes with gear I|3 and through worm |9 also keyed on shaft ||8 drives worm gear |20 keyed on shaft |2| and drives the central device l2, t0 which dogs are adjustably fastened that control the automatic operation of the clutches of the clutch head 94, which latter is engaged automatically by clutch cone 96, when it disengages the main feed clutch 81, whereby fast motion is imparted to output shaft 11. When the tools machine. It will thus be seen that, by having the gear |01 rotatable on the shaft 11 and coupled thereto by the shear pin |08, the timing between the control device II2 and the feed shaft 30 (and thus the turret slide 23 and the cross slides 25 and 26) will not be altered should any overload, jamming or other incident occur which would cause the shear pin |08 to break.

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, the worm shaft ||8 is provided on its outer extremity with a square end |8a to receive a hand-crank, or other instrument, for hand-cranking the machine for setting-up purposes as is well understood in the art.

In this connection a safety device |22 (see Fig. 8) is provided whereby the machine cannot be cranked by hand until clutch cone 96 is manually thrown to neutral position so as to disengage shaft 11 from both the main feed clutch 81 and the quick return clutch 94 (see Fig. 4) in order that power to the shaft 11 will be disconnected therefrom during the hand-cranking of the machine. Likewise, while the hand-crank is on the shaft end ||8a, clutch cone 96 cannot bc thrown into engagement with either clutch 81 or 94. When the crank is lremoved from the shaft end IIBa, the clutch cone 96 can again ybe operated. While the control device ||2 is, of course, operated in timed relation to the position or movements of the tool slides 23, 25 and 26 for reasons that can be well understood, the power transmission device (or ball-box), which is controlled by said control device, actuates the clutch cones automatically and is driven from the constant speed quickV return motor |00 through a As above stated, all movements of the main or turret slide 23 and the cross-slides 25 and 26 are actuated from the feed shaft 36 through a single disc-cam |35, which also indexes the turret, if one is employed on the main slide, and actuates a cross-slide pre-selective device S that renders effective and ineffective the connection for actuating the cross-slide from the movement of the main slide (Fig. all as more particularly shown and described in the patent above mentioned. Briefly, the cam-disc lies within the main or turret slide 23 and is driven from the feed shaft 36 through a worm |48 thereon which meshes with a worm wheel |5| fast on a shaft |53 having its upper end fast with the rotative axis of the horizontally disposed cam-disc |35.

As is common in most all turret lathes, the turret |65 is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis upon the top surface a of the main slide 23 at its forward end-1. e., nearer the spindle 2| and in substantial axial alignment with the chuck 22 on the spindle 2|. The turret |65 has a polygonal perimeter about its rotary axis to provide a predetermined number of substantially vertical faces having sockets and thread openings |66 and |61, respectively, for the attachment of tool or other holders, not shown. One or more tools, carried by each face, perform cutting operations at or about the same time upon the subject, to be machined, clamped in the chuck 22 on the rotating spindle 2| during part of the forward movement of the slide 23. There is one forward movement of the slide 23 for each face of the turret |65 in order to complete the cycle of the machine. The number of faces on the turret may vary according to the type of work to be performed by or the intended capacity of any particular machine. In the present showing, the turret |65 is shown as having six faces.

This machine, as are most turret lathes, is equipped with two tool cross-slides 25 and 26 disposed on opposite sides of the chuck 22 and mounted for reciprocatory movement transversely of the axis of the chuck so as to move the tools carried thereby to the work-piece in the chuck to perform certain operations thereupon, and the tools thereafter are returned to a neutral or inoperative position (Figs. 2, 5 and 10).

The reciprocation of the cross-slides transversely of the spindle 2|, in this case, however, is derived from the reciprocatory movement of the main or turret slide 23, which is longitudinally of the spindle, through the push rods 253 and 265 and latch 236 and through a simplified and novel arrangement of sliding, rather than rotary, elements (generally indicated at 266) which actuate and control the actuation of the cross-slide positively, accurately and with a maximum of smooth motion and which eliminate a number of required machined and fitted parts and the necessity for complicated timing devices between the main slide and cross-slideall making for compactness and simplicity in manufacture, assembly, maintenance and manipulation by any operator as fully described in the copending application above mentioned.

The cross-slide control or selective device S is located, for convenience, on the rear end portion of the turret slide, 23, as particularly shown in Figures 1 and 5, and is supported, from the under face of that portion of the top wall of the turret slide which form a removable cover plate a, so that it may be actuated from the cam-disc 35 when the turret slide is in its back or starting position and at or about the time the turret is indexed.

CONTROL AND ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR SPEED AND FEED CHANGES yin Figs. 6, '1, 8, 9, 16, 11, 12 and 13 and operates spindle speed clutches 39, 46, 4| and 42 of Fig. 3 and the clutches 8|, 83, 85, 89 and 94 of Fig. 4 which control the rate of movement of the turret-slide 23 and cross-slides 25 and 26.

The automatic control device ||2 of this mechanism has its shaft |2| driven synchronously with the feed shaft 36 by the gear |61 through gears ||3 and ||1, shaft |18, worm H9,- worm gear |26 fast on shaft |2| (see Figs. 4 and 6 as described above). As shown particularly in Fig. 6, the control device ||2 comprises, in part, a plurality of discs 266 keyed to and separated by spacers 251 on the shaft |2|, and clamped rigidly together by means of a nut I2 |a threaded on one end of the shaft and pressing the assembly against a shoulder at the other end of the shaft, the discs having suitable peripheral slots in which dogs 26| are adjustably clamped.

To perform the functions of the machine tool shown, eleven of said discs 266 are provided; however, more or less of said discs and their associated actuated parts (to be described) may be provided as may be found necessary or desirable to give the requisite speed, feed, fast motion changes, starts and stops for the functions or operations of the machine tool. The reference character of these discs 266 are accompanied by suffix letter characters (A to J inclusive and F') to permit an easier understanding and description of their individual identification and function. Also, the reference characters of parts actuated or controlled by the dogs on each of said discs will be accompanied by suffix capital letters corresponding to those of the disc from which said parts are actuated.

The shaft |2|, with its discs 266-A to 266-J and its spacers 251, is supported at one end on an axially projecting hub portion of the worm gear |26 journalled in a stationary part of the headstock casing 26; and is driven therefrom by a coupling pin 258 extending through a flanged end of the shaft and the worm gear |26. Thus, the worm |26 and shaft |2| are connected by a positive drive connection to the turret-slide and cross-slide so that the discs 266-A to 2SC-J and 26,6-11" will always be in time with the movement of the turret-slide 23 and cross-slides 25 and 26.

11 The shaft |2| is supported at its other end by a sleeve 259 slidably mounted in the housing '2l and held in position by a bayonet-lock connection 259e. By means of a knurled head 259b on the sleeve 259, the latter may be turnedto release the bayonet lock and allow the sleeve to be pulled out far enough to permit insertion and removal of the shaft I2 I, and the assembly thereon, from the machine very quickly through a door ||2a on the front of the change speed and feed control box. A spring pressed plunger 259, within the sleeve 259, forces the shaft |2| tightly against the worm gear |20, as shown in Fig. 6, to take up all end play when the bayonet-lock 259'al is in locked position.

A feature of this arrangement is that when once the dogs 26| are set for a particular work subject, the control device ||2 can be quickly removed from the machine and stored away until such time as the same subject is to be again machined-at which time all that is necessary is to place the tools on their slides and the control device in the machine, thus reducing setting-up time. The only other requirement would be, of course, to see that the proper hand-change gears for the proper speed and feed are on the machine.

The change-speed control device H2, preferably, in the machine as shown, makes one revolution for each cycle of the machine. Therefore, each disc 260 (A to J and F) may have a dog 26| (A to J and F) adjustably clamped in each of the six elongated arcuate slots 26|l1 therein, arranged end to end about the axis of their discs, respectively, corresponding to the six faces on the turret. Of course, as many dogs will be used in each disc as may be required for a given operation of the machine. However, for purposes of clarity, only one dog is shown in the drawing on each disc, exceptl discs 260-A and 26l-B which are provided with additional dogs 340 and 342 set in slots 260m. The latter slots correspond in number with the slots 260D which receive the dogs 260 (A to J and F') and the dogs 34| and 342 are offset laterally from the disc to a greater degree, than the other dogs in slots 260n so as to actuate electrical switches 34| and 343, respectively, and which switches control the main motor M, which drives the spindle 2|, turret-slide 23 and cross-slides 25 and 26 through the mechanism shown in Figs. 4 and 4a, to start or stop their operation on any turret face of the turret during the cycle of the machine.

Power-for the various operations of the speed-change clutches 39, 4l, 4|, 42 in the spindle drive (Figs. 3 and 14), of the main feed clutch 81, of the fast travel clutch 94 and intermediate feed clutches 8|, 63 and 85-is transmitted to them through balls 262-A to '262-J, which actuate, through a system of levers, connectors 39, 40, 4|, 42, 81, 94, 8|, 83, and 85 (here shown as cables), which operate said clutches, respectively. Each of the balls 262 (A to J) is held in inoperative position by ball releasing means 210, one of said means for eachball; and each of said releasing means 21| isactuatedby a dog 26| (A to J) respectively. Ihus, the four` automatic spindle speed changes are controlled by the dogs 26l-A, 26|-B, l26|-C and 26|-D on discs 260-A, 260-B, 260-C and 26ID, respectively; the start and stop of fast travel or quick idle motions and of the feed motions of the turret slide and cross slides are controlled by dogs 26|-E, 2|l-'EI and 26|-G on discs 2GB-E, '260-F and 260-G, respectively; and the three automatic feed changes are controlled by dogs 26 I-H, 26|-I and 26|-J on discs 260-H, 260-1 and 26l-J. As can be seen particularly in Figs. 6 and 8, there is no ball provided individually for disc ZEI-F and its dogs 26|-F, which later actuates a slide-bolt 301 to release a spring loaded impeller 305 for only moving the clutch cone 96 from engagement with the fast travel clutch 94 to neutral position, as will be hereinafter described under sub-heading Start and stop feed and fast travel for turret and crossslides. However, a connection 3|| may be provided whereby, When bolt 301 isvwithdrawn to release plunger 305, ball '262-F is also released to assure that cone 96 does not engage main feedclutch 81, as will also later appear.

Ball bow transmission mechanism There is only ball 262 (A to J) controlled by each of the dogs 26| (A to J) respectively. Each of these balls is disposed in an individual raceway and, when released by its releasing mechanism 210, moves into its raceway and makes a substantially circular path `to a pocket 215D where it is retained by the release mechanism until again released by the operation of a dog on a corresponding disc 260. The present ball box mechanism is a further development of United States Patent No. 2,225,886.

To this end the shaft |26, shown in Figs. 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 and 10, is driven constantly during operation of the machine from constant speed quick motion motor |00 and has keyed thereon a plurality of collars 21| corresponding in number to the number of balls 262 (A to J). Each collar is provided with one radially projecting and bifurcated or slotted finger-lobe 212 that carries the ball 262 around its raceway, the lobes on said collars being aligned (shown in Fig. 6) for timing purposes, except the lobes which are actuated by the change feed balls 262-H, 262-I and 262-J and which are staggered in relation to each other for purposes later explained. It is conceivable that in some instances all the lobes may not be aligned.

Spacers 213 are interposed between each of the collars 21| and are of greater diameter than the collars, thus forming therewith, together with the inner wall 213a of the casing 214, a substantially circular and definite raceway 215 for each of the balls 262 (A to J) respectively. The collars 21| and spacers 213 are rigidly clamped to the shaft |26 by means of a nut 216. Preferably, the upper portion of the casings 214 forms an offset chamber communicating with the raceways and in which is disposed a comb member 211 spaced from the walls of the casing 214. This comb member has pick-up projections 218 thereon spaced from each other so that one of said projections will extend into each of the raceways 215, respectively, and aligned to pass through bifurcation of the lobe 212 in such raceway. The comb is also formed with a plurality of spaced lateral flanges 219, each positioned to lie in the same plane with one of the spacer members 213, respectively, to provide individual ball-retaining pockets 215. The comb has an upwardly inclined surface on the ball receiving side of 4the pocket and a substantially vertical wall on its ball discharge side, which latter cooperates with a complemental surface of said offset chamber to provide a drop-throat 215| for said pocket and from which the ball is discharged, by gravity into its raceway. Thus, it will be seen that when a ball is released from its positionV shown in Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 10 it will drop inta the raceway 215 and be carried by its lobe 212 around the racewayy for a distance of approximately 270, at which point it will be guided and, by its own momentum, will move over the comb 211 into the pocket 215D where it will be retained in the pocket by its releasing mechanism 218, until the releasing mechanism is actuated by dog 268 on the disc corresponding to said ball.

Each of the releasing mechanisms, heretofore referred to, comprises a pin 218 slidably mountedv in a bore in the casing 214 and positioned to be normally projected by a spring 288 intothe dropthroat 215t in the path of the ball so as to prevent the ball from dropping from said throat into the raceway 215. Each of pins 218 is operated by one of plurality of shifting levers 28| fulcrumed at 282 and substantially bell-crank in form, these having a suix capital letter corresponding to the disc and dogs thereon which operate the same. OlneV arm of each lever 28| is positioned between spaced bearing abutments 283 on an end of the release pin 218 projecting exteriorly of the casing 214; and the other arm of said lever is weighted and overlies the corresponding discs 268 so that a yieldably mounted striker 284 positioned thereon will normally lie in the path of its associated dog or dogs 26| on its disc 268. The extremities of the weighted arms of the shifting levers 28| (A to J and F) extend through vertical elongated slots 285 in the door H22 (Figs. 1, 2, '1, 8 and 10) of the casing 28 to provide keys K, whereby the balls 262 (A to J) may be manually released at will.

For quick changing of said clutches, the balls 262-A to 262-J must make only one travel around their respective raceways 215. To insure this as well as against other possible accidents, a check-pin 218 is provided which is similar to and overlies the release pin 218, so when its forward check-end projects into the pocket 215D, it will hold the ball on top of the comb 211, which top surface is slightly inclined toward the drop-throat 215i. The check-pin 218 is biased to have its forward check-end normally lie out of the pocket 215p by spring 281. The construction is such, as shown, that when a ball release pin 218 is withdrawn from its normal position, shown in Figs. 6, 1, 8 and 10, it actuates a teetering lever 286 pivoted on a bracket and having its ends in engagement with the ends, respectively, of pin 218 and the check-pin 218', so as to move the forward end of the latter into the pocket 215p and prevent the ball, after being released in the raceway 215, from re-entering the drop-throat 215t (and thence into the raceway) before the dog 26|, which released the ball, lmoves out of engagement with the striker 284 (or the key K is manually released) to allow the spring 288 to move the pin 218 to its normal ball holding position, as shown.

To prevent a jam-that would be caused by a ball 262 and its lobe 212 on the shaft |26 arriving at a position where a line through the center of radius on end of the lobe 212 and passing through center of the ball and intersecting the surface of drop-throat 215t at or about 90-a discharge check 288 is provided in the bottom of the throat or each pocket 215 and is in the form of a yieldable block slidably mounted in a recess in the casing 214 below the release pin 218, said slide block being normally urged into said throat by a spring 289 into engagement with the perimetral edge of its Iadjacent associate spacer 213. The perimetral edge of the spacers 213 is, preferably, a true circle throughout its majorl portion except for a distance immediately preceding the lobe 212, where the circle is interrupted for a distance but continued on a smaller radius as indicated at 213', thus forming a depression in the perimeter of the spacer having a convex or arcuate surface. Consequently, when a slide block 288 is contacting the perimeter of' the spacer 213 on its major radius, the block is pressed against the springs 289 into the housing 214 sufficiently to allow the ball to drop through the throat 215t into the ball race 215; whereas, when the block 288 contacts the smaller radius 213 of said perimeter, it is projected further into `the throat 215t by the spring 289 to hold the ball back in said throat until the lobe 212 has passed beyond the throat. Then, when the lobe 212 has passed and the larger radius on the spacer 213 has again pressed the block 283 sufficiently back into the housing, the ball will drop behind the lobe into the ball race 215; whereupon, the next revolution of the lobe will engage the ball and carry it in its course through the race and discharge it into the pocket 215p as above described.

While the comb 211 and the balls 262 are shown vertically over the ball race, they may be placed in any other position. For instance, if the comb is placed in a horizontal or lowered position, the ball would then roll over the comb by gravity and the speed of the shaft |26 could be lowered, if desired.

Now, the oscillatory levers 263', 2632, 264, 265', 2652 and 2653 will be described (Figs. 6, '1, 8 and l0) and which levers are actuated by said balls 282-A to 262-J and which levers in turn actuate rocker-levers 266', 2662, 268, 268', 2682 and 2683, respectively. These oscillatory levers are loosely mounted on shaft 298, preferably, disposed under the ball box casing 214 and carried in brackets 29| depending from the end -portions of the ball boxr casing 214. The rocker-levers are loosely mounted on the shaft 266 carried in a suitable stationary portion of the frame or housing 28 and each has one end portion connected to the distal end of their associated oscillatory levers by a pin and notch connection 294 for quick disconnection, while its opposite arm is, preferably, substantially Y-shaped, to each extremity of which are attached' a cable, above mentioned. A The construction of certain of the oscillatory levers, however, differ from each other due to the functions they perform and may be divided in three different groups as indicated by their main reference numbers.

The two levers 263' and 2632 cause the speed changes of the spindle (which latter also drive the turret-slide 23 and the cross-slides 25 and 26) and reference may be had to Figs. 6 and '1, wherein it is shown that these two oscillatory levers are' utilized for engaging and disengaging thev clutches 39, 48, 4| and 42 (Fig. 3). These two oscillatory levers 263 and 2632 are disposed adjacent each other and each has extending from it at opposite sides of its fulcrum point, respectively, two .legs portions. Thus, when viewed in elevation, each lever has a substantially U-shape appearance and journalled on the shaft 298 at its intermediate or closed end` portion, the two legs being offset with respect to each other to lie in different planes transversely of the shaft 298; The legs of these levers extend through slots 283 in the bottom of the ball box casing 214. The levers 263 have one leg 263-A positioned to move into and out of. the raceway of ball 262-A and the other leg 26S-B positioned tomove into and out of the raceway of ball 262-B but disposed on substantially diametrically opposite sides of the shaft |26. The other lever 2632, in a similar manner, has its two offset legs 263-C and 263-D positioned so as its leg 263-C positioned to move into and out of the raceway of ball 262-C and its leg 263-D positioned to move into and out of the raceway of ball 262-D.

Operation of spindle speed control Consequently, when a dog 26|-A on disc 2GB-A raises shifting lever 28|-A around its fulcrum 282 withdrawing its release pin 210, ball 262-A will drop in its raceway 215 and its finger-lobe 212, which is rotating at constant speed from motor |00, contacts said ball and carried it around the raceway until leg 263-A is engaged by the ball and moves it out of the ball-path or race, resulting in its lever 263 having moved anti-clockwise on shaft 290 and, in turn, rocker-lever 266 being moved clockwise on a shaft 292. This clockwise movement of rocker-lever 266 pulls cable 42C, guided by suitable sheaves to rock arm 295 counter-clockwise on stud 296 (see Figs. 3 and 14) whereby yoke block 291 shifts its clutch cone 44 into engagement with clutch 42 and out of engagement with clutch 4|.

When a dog 26|B on dise 26|J-B raises shifting lever 28|-B to release a ball 262-B, in same manner as explained in preceding paragraph with respect to balls 26|-A, the finger-lobe 212 in the raceway of ball 262-B, then, carries said ball into contact with the leg 263-B, if extending into the raceway of ball 262-B, and moves it out of the path of the ball and simultaneously moves its companion leg 263-A back into the path of its ball 262-A. This movement of the leg 26S-B moves its lever 263 clockwise and its rocker-lever 266 anti-clockwise, which latter pulls cable 4|c to actuate the rocker-arm 295 clockwise, thereby disengaging the clutch cone 44 from clutch 42 and engaging it with clutch 4|.

Likewise, when a dog 26|-C on disc 26o-C or a dog 26|-D on disc 26-D actuates its corresponding shifting lever 28E-C or 28|D, respectively, their corresponding balls 262-C or 262-D, the similar operation above described will take place and either cables 4|)c or 39c will be actuated to move the rocker-arm 298 to shift the yoke 299 to engage the clutch cone 43 with either clutch 40 or clutch 39 and disengage the other.

It will be recognized that any one of the combinations of the above described change speed operations can be effected manually by the lifting of the keys K of the shifting levers 28|-A, 28|-B, 28|-C and 28|D.

As mentioned above, under the heading headstock subheading spindle and spindle drive, the four clutches 39, 40, 4I and 42 are arranged in pairs, each pair being served by a single double-acting cone 43 and 44, respectively, so that when one clutch of a pair is disengaged the other clutch of the same pair is engaged. By this arrangement four automatic changes of spindle speed is obtained in the manner above described under said heading. Therefore, since two of the four clutches 39, 40, 4| and 42 must be engaged to obtain any one speed and since when the clutch of one pair is engaged the opposite clutch of the other pair is disengaged and since only one leg of either speed levers 263' and 2632 can be in their respective ball raceways at any one time, should the machine be manually operated through error or should all four of the keys K of shifting levers 28I-A, 28|-B, 28|-C and 28|-D be operated simultaneously all that would take place is a change in spindle speed and its accompanying ratio effect upon the said movements'of the turret slide and the cross slides if said slides be in operation. This is a safety feature.

Start and stop feed and fast travel for turret and cross slides As is well understood in the art, with this type of machine, the fast travel for idle movements of the tool sides thereof-which in this case is derived from the fast travel motor |00 when the clutch 94 (Fig. 4) is engaged and the main feed clutch is disengaged-is desirable to move the turret and cross slides back from cutting position and then again forwardly, after the turret has been indexed, if indexing is employed, to cutting position, at which time the fast travel or quick motion is discontinued and the movement of the slides then proceeds with relatively slower motion during the cutting operations, commonly known as the feed.

As explained above, the cross slides 25 and 26 of the present machine derive their motion directly from the motion of the turret slide 23, should either or both of said cross slides be selected for operation, as also above explained. In this machine the turret slide actuating means (i. e. the disc cam |35) does not stop during the indexing movement of the turret, when the slide is in its rearmost position, this indexing taking place during a dwell in the cam path |35,

When the motors M and |00 are operating, the starting and stopping of the movement of the turret slide, whether for feed or for -fast travel, is accomplished by the dogs on the disc 260-E which engages the fast travel clutch 94, by dogs on disc 2GB-F' which disengages fast travel clutch 94 through latch device L (and not a ball) and by dogs on disc 26lJ-G which engages main feed clutch 81 and by the ball box mechanisrn associated therewith, as shown in Figs. 6, 8 and 9. The balls 262-E, 262-F, 262-G, controlled by the dogs on the discs ZBO-E, 266-F and 26-G, just mentioned, actuate a single oscillatory lever 264 which in turn operates a single rocker 261 which, through its cables 81c and 94C, actuate the main double-acting clutch cone 96 (Figs. 4 and 14) to engage and disengage the main feed clutch 81 and to engage and disengage the fast travel clutch 94, or to move said cone 96 to neutral position which latter also includes the operation of disc 260-F.

The rocker lever 261 is the same asthe rocker levers 26B and 2662 but the oscillatory lever 264 is of different construction than the oscillatory levers 266 and 2662, in that, in addition to the two legs 264-E and 264-G, which effectively operated to engage the fast travel clutch 94 and the main feed clutch 81, respectively, and correspond identically in form with the legs 263-A and 263-B of oscillatory level 263', it has an additional sh0rter leg 264-F which is effectively operated by its ball to move the clutch 96 from engagement with main feed clutch 81 to neutral position and which only partially extends into the race of its ball when the leg 264-E is fully in the race of its ball; these three legs being positioned to move into and out of the raceways of balls 262-E, 262-F, and 262-G, respectively. Also, the lever 264 has an arm 264 projecting therefrom to actuate and be actuated by the spring latch device L, which latter is spring loaded by movement of the arm 264' when leg 264-E engages cone 96 with fast travel clutch 94 and which is released by shifting lever 28|F to disengage said cone 96 from fast travel clutch 94 and move said cone to neutral position.

The latch device L is disposed on the top of casing 214 (Fig. 8) and comprises a cylindrical sleeve 306 rigid with casing 214 and having a plunger 305 therein and normally urged against an abutment 306a on one end of the cylinder by compression spring 309. A rod 305a has its end portions slidably extended through the plunger 305 and the upper end of the latch 264', the end extremities of plunger rod- 305a being headed to engage the plunger and latch arm respectively. A spring pressed detent 300 is carried in bracket 300a mounted on cylinder 306 and is positioned to engage in V-shaped notch 30| in distal end of latch arm 264' when the latter is in a position intermediate the full-line and dotted-line positions shown in Fig. 8. When latch arm is in its full-line position and loadsV spring 309, and plunger 305 is locked in this position by spring pressed slide-bolt 301, entering groove 368, until released in a manner to be explained. When so released, plunger is moved by spring 309 to contact stop abutment 306a thus moving latch arm 264 and its notch to their intermediate position where detent 300 enters said notch. Movement of the latch arm 264 to its dotted-line position, and which may cause rod 305a to move therewith, is allowed by opening 30Gb in the cylinder 306. a

Assume that the machine is at rest with its turret-slide 23 in its rearmost position and it is desired to start the machine with turret-slide approaching the workpiece W in fast travel until the tools on the turret (or cross-slides) reach a point where slower cutting feed is required; and, further assume that the fast travel clutch 94 is disengaged with its coacting cone member.

96 held in neutral position by a dent 300 (Fig. 8) engaging in V-shaped notch 30| in the distal end of the latch extension arm 264. With the latch arm 264 in this intermediate position, the leg 264-E extends partially into the raceway of its ball 262-E; andfalthough the leg 264-F is on the same side of shaft |26 as leg 264-E and rigid on lever 264, it is slightly shorter than leg 264-E also rigid on lever 264 so as not to extend into the raceway of its ball 262-F when its latch arm 264 is in th-e neutral position just mentioned.

Now a starter push-'button (not shown) is operated to close acircuit to the main drive motor M and to the fast travel motor |00 (Figs. 3 and 4) 'whereby the spindle is driven, but the turret slide 23 and cross-slides 25 and 26 remain stationary because the main feed clutch 81 is disengaged as its coacting cone 96 is in neutral position, and whereby the fast travel motor |00 rotates the shaft |26 and the clutch 94.

Then by manually lifting key K of shifting lever 28|-E ball 262-E is released in a manner above explained, and its nger-lobe 212 rotating with shaft |26 carries the ball to contact leg 264-E moving lever 264 counter-clockwise of shaft 290 causing rocker-lever 261 to move clockwise on its shaft 269. Cable. 94c anchored at the upper Y-end of rocker-lever 261 moves rocker-arm 302 clockwise on stud 303 (Figs. 4a and 2l) shifting cone 96, through yoke 304, from neutral position to engagement with fast travel clutch 94. Thus, the feed shaft 30 is driven through clutch shaft 11 from the motor |00 to move the turret slide at a fast rate of speed and the control dog shaft |2| is driven from the feed-shaft 30. This counter-clockwise movement of lever 264 also causes latch-arm 264 to move,

tothe full-line position shown in Fig. 8, pulling plunger 305 in sleeve 306so spring pressed slidebolt 301 will enter groove 308'in the plunger and hold the latter against the compression of spring 369. It willbe noted, that, now, leg 264E and 264B of lever 264 are out of their ball races and leg 264G is in its ball race, as shown in full-lines in Fig. 8.

In the meantime and since control dog shaft |2| is rotating, dogs suitably placed on disc 260-A, 260-B, 260-C and 260-D, will select the required spindle speed, as above described.

When theturret slide and/or the cross-slides have reached their cutting position, a dog 26|-F on disc 26o-F' lifts shifting lever 28|-F about its fulcrum '282 and by its arm 28|' withdraws slide bolt 301 against its spring 3|0, whereby allowing spring 309 to move plunger against abutment 306 and, hence, the latch arm 264' to its intermediate position Iwhere the detent 300 engages in notch 30|. This movement is sufcient to cause the lever 266 to operate cable 81C that moves rocker-arm 302 counter-clockwise and, through yoke 304, disengages the cone 96 from the fast travel clutch 96 and moves said cone to neutral position. Also, this movement of the latch arm 264' moved leg 264-E partially into the race of its ball 262-E so that fast travel could be resumed immediately--automatically by operation of a dogon disc 26E-E or manually by operation of key K on shifting lever 28|-E, if that should be desired.

, Whenever the shifting lever 28|-F' (which of itself does not control a ball but only the slidebolt 301) is lifted, either automatically or manually, to shift cone 96 from engagement with fast travel clutch 96 to neutral position, it always is desirable to operate shifting lever 28|-F which releases ball 262-F to contact leg 264F, should the latter have entered the ball raceways, in order to assure that the cone 96 is not in engagement with main feed clutch 81, the ball 262-F operating to disengage clutch 81, as will be later explained. Therefore, whenever shifting lever 28|-F' is lifted the bar 3| secured thereto and extending under portion of key K of shifting lever 28-F, also lift the latter to release its ball 262-F. However, shifting lever 28|-F may be lifted independently of shifting lever 28|-F as can be seen.

Now, that the fast travel of the tool slides has been arrested, to carry out the above assumed operation, a dog 26|-G will be positioned on its disc 260-G as to contact its shifting lever 28|-G immediately after the shifting levers 28|-F and 28|-F have been operated (or it may be simultaneously therewith) so as to release its ball 262-G to contact the leg 26li-G, which now partially extends, within its ball raceway, thus moving lever 264 clockwise which moves rocker-lever 261 counter-clockwise pulling cable 81 anchored to its lower Y extremity, rocking lever 302 anticlockwise (in Fig. 14) and, by yoke 304, moving cone 96 into engagement with main feed clutch 81 which, through shaft 11, drives feed shaft 30, and hence the tool slides, at a feeding rate of speed. This feeding rate of speed, however, may be changed further by operation of clutches 8|, 83 and 85 which drive through the main feed clutch 81, as will be explained under thel next heading.

When leg 264-G was contactedby its ball it was moved completely out of its raceway and both legs 264-E and 264-1 were moved in their respective raceways, whereby they may be effec- 19 tively operated by their respective balls, and the latch arm 264' was moved from its intermediate position to its dotted-line position (Fig. 8).

The tool slides having completed their feeding movement toward the work piece, the next movement is to quickly return them to their rearmost position away from the work piece, at which point the turret slide is indexed to bring another face of the turret opposite the Work piece, as is well understood in the art.

This backward fast travel of the tool slides is accomplished by a dog 26|-E on disc 260-E raising shifting lever 28|-E to release its ball 262-E in a manner explained above. The ball is then Vcarried around in its race by its lobe 212 on shaft |26 and engages leg 264-E, rotating oscillatory lever 264 counter-clockwise which, in turn, rotates rocker lever 261 clockwise thereby pulling `cable 94c to rotate rocker arm 302 clockwise to move clutch cone 96 to disengage main feed clutch 81 and to engage fast travel clutch 94 by reason of the fact that the leg 264-E extended fully within its ball raceway and had sufficient movement to throw the cone 96 from one clutch to the other without stopping in its intermediate or neutral position. It will be observed also that this movement of the leg 264-E moves latch arm 264 to full-line position shown in Fig. 8, at which position the plunger 305 is locked by the slide bolt 301 against the compression of spring 309.

The tool slides, by reason of this operation, travel back from the workpiece to their rearmost position-unless the opera-tion of the entire machine is stopped at this point by dog 342 on disc 260A engaging stop switch 343 or the movement of the slides is arrested by the operation of the shift lever 28|-F (automatically or manually) to move the clutch cone 96 in neutral positionand will be again moved forward by operation of the disc cam |35 in fast motion toward the workpiece, after the turret has been indexed, as above explained.

Should it be desired to stop the movement of the tool slides, while'they are in their slow cutting feed-i. e., when the parts v264, 264-E, 264'-F, 264-F, 264-G and 261-are in their dottedline positions shown in Fig. S-a dog 26 |-F properly positioned on Vdisc 260-F will raise shifting lever 28|-F releasing ball 262F which will be carried around its race by lobe 212 to contact leg 264-F moving lever A264 counter-clockwise and rocker-lever 261 clockwise suniciently to pull cable 94 to shift clutch cone 96 out of engagement with clutch 81 to neutral position. This movement of lever 264-because of the shortened ball contact face of its leg 264-F which at any time only partially extends into its ball race-also moves the distal end of latch arm 264 to an intermediate point where the detent 300 engages notch 30| to yieldably maintain the neutral position of cone 96.

Speed change feed clutches It is, of course, desirable and required that the rate of feed movements of the tool-slides 23, 25 and 26 be changed for different operations with respect to the rotation of the spindle 2|. This is accomplished by change-feed clutches 8|, 83 and 85 driven from the spindle and which produce three automatic'changes of feed which drive the clutch shaft 11 and the feed shaft 30 through the main feed clutch 81, when the latter is engaged by cone 96, as described inconnection with Fig. 4. These clutches 8|, 83"and 85 are controlled automatically by lclogs 26|-H,

`termediate change-feed -clutch 83.

20 26|- and 260-J on control shaft |2| and manually by keys K on shifting levers 28 |-H, 28 |I and 28 |J, associated with said discs respectively, and which control ball 262-H, 262-1 and 262-J, respectively.

This mechanism, shown in Figs. 6, 10, 1l, l2 and 13, is the same as previously described, including the ball-release and checking members 210, 210 and 288 and the raceway construction, as can be seen. However, the oscillatory levers 265', 2652 and 2653 are different from those previously described; although they are similar to lever 263 and 2632, except that lever 265', 2652 and 2653 each have only one arcuate extension leg-i. e., 265-H, 265-1 and 26S-J, respectivelywhereas lever 263 and 2832 each has two in opposing positions. Each leg 265-H, 265-1 and 265-J extends through slots 293 in casing 214 to move into and to be effectively actuated in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 10) out of their raceways, 215 by their respective balls 262-H, 262-I, and 262-J.

Oscillatory lever 265', 2652 and 2653 each have a pin connection 294 with the rocker levers 268, 2682 and 2683, respectively, which are identical with the rocker levers 266', 2632 and 261 and which, in Figure 10, are moved clockwise to cause their respective change-feed clutches 8|, 83 and 65 to be engaged when their oscillatory levers are effectively actuated by their respective balls. To this end, cable 8lc is connected to the lower Y- extremity of rocker-lever 266' 'and passes over guide sheaves to rocker arm 3 |2 (Figs. 4 and 14), journalled on stud 3 3 and connected to yoke 3 I4, to move clutch cone 9| into engagement with rst or fine feed clutch 8|, while the cable 8|d is connected to the upper extremity of the Y- `end of rocker-lever 268 and passes over guide sheaves to the other end of rocker arm 3 |2 so as to disengage clutch'cone 9| from fine feed clutch 8|. In like manner, the Y-extremity of rocker lever 2682 are'connected `by cables 83c and |33d to opposite ends of rocker-arm 3 5-on stud 3| 6 operating yoke 311 to shift'cone 92 into and out of engagement, respectively, with the second or in- Also, in like manner, cables c and85d are `connected to `'extremities of the Y-'end of rocker lever 2683 and are connected to opposite ends or rocker arm 3|8 journalled on stud-3|!! -tofoperate yoke 320 which moves clutch cone 93 into Aand out of engagement, respectively, with the third or change-feed clutch 8'5.

As gears^8'2, '84 and66 are constantly in mesh with cluster gears *88,89 and (Fig. 4) only one of the feed-'clutches 8h83 or 65 should be engaged at one time. vTo make it impossible to engage more than one-of these'feedclutches at any time, a mechanical interlocking lmeans R is shown in detail in its several positions in Figs. l1, 12 and 13 and is vshown associated with the oscillatory levers 265', 2652, and #2653. This interlock means R may comprise three teeter-levers 32|, 322 and 323, journalled at 324,325 and 326, respectively, in a bracket 321 suspended from ball-box casing Y214 and underlying outwardly extending lugs, one on each of the oscillatory lever leg extensions 26E-H, 265-I and 2|5-J. AThe teeter-lever 32| has its two'endsfarranged to engage and to be enga-ged by legs 26E-H and 2`65-J, respectively, while teeter-lever *322 has its two ends arranged to -engage'and `to be engaged by legs 26S-H and 265-I; and teeter-leverf3`23 vhas its two -ends arranged 'to engage Vand 'tobe engaged by legs 26S-I 

